Improperly installed heat pumps may lead to increased operating costs, cautions energy specialist
Jan Rosenow, a renowned expert in energy efficiency, is affiliated with Oxford University's Environmental Change Institute, the Sussex Energy Group at the University of Sussex, and the Free University of Berlin. Additionally, he serves as the Director at the European Programmes at Regulatory Assistance Project. Jan has published extensively on energy efficiency and sits on the boards of the European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (eceee) and the Coalition for Energy Savings.
As the world moves towards a greener energy future, the adoption of heat pumps is on the rise. However, to ensure their efficiency and reliability, certain measures are necessary. Consumer advocacy groups are advocating for mandatory certification of heat pump installers, as improper installations can compromise efficiency and lead to potential downtime and increased costs for consumers.
Investment in training for heat pump installers is crucial to improve their effectiveness. Specialized training and qualification in heating, ventilation, and sanitation (SHK) trades are necessary, including advanced courses on heat pump technology based on standards like VDI 4645. Electricians working on heating system controls need further qualification in electrical safety, installation, commissioning, and maintenance according to VDE and DGUV regulations. This combination of HVAC and electrical expertise is essential for optimal installation and operation of heat pumps.
The size of the heat pump and the ducting within the home also play a significant role in efficiency. If the size of the heat pump doesn't suit the size of the home, it won't be as efficient. Similarly, if radiators are too small and the flow temperature is high, it may be less efficient than using lower temperatures.
Price differentials between gas and electricity could be adjusted through policy to incentivize widespread adoption of heat pumps. Reduced electricity levies for heat pumps have bolstered uptake in countries like Denmark. Achieving cost parity with gas boilers for heat pumps requires proper installation. If a well-qualified and trained installer performs the entire process (heat survey, installation, commissioning), the heat pump's running costs can be significantly reduced.
Poor installations of heat pumps often result from installers recommending the wrong products for households. There is a major shortfall in the number of qualified installers available, and this will need to be addressed. There is a vast discrepancy between the efficiency of poorly installed heat pumps and well-installed ones, with the latter using up to two times less electricity to provide the same amount of heat.
Consumers will need to be assured that installers have the appropriate qualifications and skills, and the right consumer protections are in place. Ensuring the efficiency of heat pump installations is key to a successful transition to renewable heating solutions and a greener future.
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